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摘要：利用高纯Bi2O3和Fe2O3粉末，采用马弗炉固相合成方法制备单相多铁性BiFeO3陶瓷材料。通过调整不同温度和不同时间研究最佳煅烧以及烧结温度和保温时间，从合成工艺、煅烧温度、烧结温度探索其显微形貌和块体的磁性能，探索炉冷、空冷和水冷等不同冷却方式对陶瓷材料结构和性能的影响。实验表明，采用马弗炉烧结制备单相多铁性BiFeO3制备温度稳定，煅烧温度在800℃时，块体反应不够充分，由于两个氧化物在700至850℃存在很多反应，极易产生杂相，在进行对比过后，我们发现采用820℃煅烧1h为最优方案。不同冷却方式对铁酸铋也有影响，我们发现采用淬火的方式虽然块体烧结出来容易裂，但是里面存在的杂相很少，合成的单相产量相对较多。7004
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关键词：固相反应；马弗炉煅烧；单相多铁性；BiFeO3
The preparation of single-phase multiferroic BiFeO3 ceramics by utilizing traditional sintering method
Abstract： The single-phase multiferroic BiFeO3 ceramics was prepared by utilizing high-purity Bi2O3 and Fe2O3 powders，using a muffle furnace as well as solid phase reaction method ．The optimal calcination and sintering temperature as well as time was studied by adjusting different temperatures and times．Based on the synthesis process，calcination temperature，and the sintering temperature to explore the microstructure morphology and magnetic properties．The influence of the structure and properties of the ceramics was explored by different cooling ways such as furnace cooling，air cooling as well as water cooling．The results of experiment demonstrated that the temperature was stable by using muffle furnace to prepare single phase multiferroic BiFeO3 ． The reaction was insufficient when the calcination temperature was at 800℃ and there were many reactions between the two oxides and was easy to produce hybrid phase at 700 and 850℃．It was found that the optimal solution was calcined at 820℃ for 1 hour．The preparation of bismuth ferrite was affected by Different cooling ways．The results show that the sample was easy to crack and the single-phase output is relatively large by quench，but there exists little impurity phase．
Key words：Solid phase reaction；furnace calcining；Single-phase multiferroic；BiFeO3
目 录
1．文献综述 1
1.1铁电体基本特征 1
1.2 铁磁体的基本特征 2
1.3多铁性材料 3
1.3.1典型多铁性材料——BiFeO3 7
1.3.2 BiFeO3的结构与磁性 7
1.3.3 BiFeO3的性能 8
1.3.4 BiFeO3研究现状 9
1.4．研究内容 10
1.4.1研究目的与意义 10
2．实验内容 11
2.1 实验原料 11
2.2实验仪器 11
2.2.1 X射线衍射仪 11
2.2.2 行星式球磨机 12
2.2.3扫描电镜 12
2.3实验过程 13
2.4结构与性能测试 14
2.4.1 X射线衍射（XRD） 14
2.4.2扫描电镜（SEM） 15
3．实验结果分析 16
3．1预烧料成分设计及煅烧条件设计 16
3.1.1热分析 16
3.1.2 配料分析 18
3.2 不同条件对样品制备的影响 18
3.2.1 不同煅烧时间的预烧料 18
3.2.2 烧结前后样品变化 19
3.2.3阿基米德排水法测密度 20
3.4 不同烧结情况对样品影响 22
3.4.1不同时间烧结对样品的影响 22