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摘要钢-铝之间的焊接难度较大，在焊接过程中，易产生气孔、裂纹等缺陷，并伴随有金属间化合物，这些都会降低其焊接接头力学性能。基于钢和铝焊接的复杂性，开展钢螺柱-铝板摩擦焊的结构和工艺。在研究过程中，主要任务有：优化钢螺柱接头，探索摩擦焊接工艺参数等以达到减少焊接缺陷，得到高强度焊接接头的目的。本课题采用的钢螺柱材料为45钢,铝板材料型号为6061铝合金。主要内容包括钢螺柱-铝板摩擦焊的钢螺柱和铝板的结构设计，摩擦焊工艺参数研究，接头力学性能试验，接头微观组织分析等。研究表明，钢螺柱-铝板摩擦螺柱焊接的最优工艺参数为：工件转速为1600r/min，摩擦压力为117.2MPa，摩擦时间为3s，顶锻力为312.5MPa，顶锻保压时间为4s，工进速度为1.5mm/s；此时，焊接接头的抗拉强度为52.6MPa。相同的焊接参数条件下，锥形头螺柱与铝板焊的接头强度大于凸台螺柱与铝板焊的接头强度。33866
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关键词 钢螺柱-铝板 摩擦焊 异种材料 接头形状 工艺参数
毕业论文设计说明书外文摘要
Title Friction welding structure design and process study
of steel stud & aluminum
Abstract
The welding of steel & aluminum is difficult.In the welding process,Not only easy to appear welding defects such as blowholes and cracks,but also coming with inter metallic compound,reducing the mechanical properties of welded joint.Based on the complexity of the steel & aluminum in the melting welding process , this subject particularly researches the structure design and process parameters of steel stud - aluminum plate friction stud welding.In the welding test,I mainly explore and optimize stud shape ,achieving the purpose of reducing weld defects and optimizing the mechanical properties of welded joint.This friction stud welding adopts 45 steel stud and 6061 aluminum alloy.The main contents include the structure design of steel stud and aluminum plate,friction welding process parameters study,joint mechanical properties test,joint micro-structure analysis, etc.Research shows that the optimal process parameters is rotating speed of 1600 r/min, the friction pressure of 117.2 MPa, friction time of 3 s, upsetting force of 312.5 MPa, upset forging pressure keeping time for the 4 s , and the joint tensile strength reached 52.6 MPa.Under the same welding parameter condition, the welding joint strength of taper head stud-aluminum plate is greater than the convex stud-aluminum plate.
Keywords steel stud - aluminum plate friction welding dissimilar metal shape of stud process parameters
目 次
1 绪论 1
1.1 研究背景及意义 1
1.2 螺柱焊的产生与发展 1
1.3 摩擦焊概述 2
1.4 异种材料焊接的特点和应用 4
1.5 课题主要内容 7
1.6 课题研究方案 7
2 实验设备及钢螺柱结构设计 9
2.1 摩擦焊实验设备 9
2.2 万能试验机 10
2.3 显微硬度计 10
2.4 实验材料 10
2.5 钢螺柱结构设计 11
3 钢螺柱-铝板摩擦螺柱焊接实验 12
3.1 焊接实验试样准备 12
3.2 焊接实验设计和过程 12
3.3 焊接接头外观图及宏观分析 14
4 摩擦焊后检测分析 17
4.1 力学性能测试 17