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摘要随着钢铁工业的发展，人们对于环境的要求越来越高，高炉炼铁的发展面临着很大的困扰和障碍，这使得非高炉炼铁成为了现代钢铁工业发展研究的方向。转底炉炼铁工艺属于非高炉炼铁法的一种，它具有诸多优势。转底炉炼铁工艺的原料适用范围很广，种类广泛，比较容易获得；使用煤作还原剂，生产中产生的SO2、NOx以及粉尘较少，对环保非常有益；操作灵活方便，作业率高达95％；建设投资费用低。因此，转底炉工艺目前已成为国内外钢铁企业关注和研究的热点之一。4932
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但是转底炉工艺在能耗、技术、设备等方面都存在一些没有完全解决的问题。如：能源的来源与合理利用、耐火材料的选用、与配套工艺的衔接、除尘系统的设计、热效率的提高等。
本课题旨在设计一台模拟转底炉工艺条件的试验炉，来实现多层含碳球团的还原率及还原过程的热效率研究。要求设计的试验电炉的工作条件，包括温度、压力、还原气氛等于现实工业生产中的工艺条件尽量符合，使之具有良好的模拟性。设计试验炉的关键结构和装置，以更好的研究直接还原率和热效率等。实现对工业转底炉的模拟，并研究提高转底炉热效率和提高成品球金属化率的技术。
关键词：还原炼铁；转底炉；电炉设计
Abstract
With the development of steel industry, people increasingly high demand for the environment, blast furnace ironmaking development faces great distress and obstacles, which makes non-blast furnace ironmaking become a modern iron and steel industry research. Rotary hearth furnace ironmaking process belongs to a non-blast furnace method, it has many advantages. Rotary hearth furnace ironmaking process for a wide range of raw materials, a wide range, relatively easy to obtain; using coal as the reducing agent, the production generated SO2, NOx and dust less, very beneficial for environmental protection; flexible operation, the operating rate 95%; construction investment costs low. Therefore, the rotary hearth furnace process steel companies at home and abroad has become one of the focuses of attention and study.
But the rotary hearth furnace process in the energy, technology, equipment, etc., there are some not completely solve the problem. Such as: the sources and the rational use of energy, refractory selection, and supporting the process of convergence, dust removal system design, thermal efficiency, etc.
The project aims to design a simulation of a rotary hearth furnace test furnace process conditions to achieve multi-layered carbon pellets reduction rate and the thermal efficiency of the restore process. Designed test furnace operating conditions, including temperature, pressure, reducing atmosphere is equal to actual industrial production process conditions as far as possible, so that it has a good simulation of sex. The key test furnace design structures and devices, in order to better study the direct reduction and thermal efficiency. So that to achieve the simulation of industrial rotary hearth furnace, rotary hearth furnace and research to improve the thermal efficiency and improve the finished ball metallization technology.
Key Words：Reduction ironmaking；Rotary hearth furnace；Furnace Design
目 录
1 引言 1
1.1 转底炉炼铁工艺的兴起和发展 1
1.1.1 高炉炼铁工艺的发展历程和弊端 1
1.1.2 非高炉炼铁法转底炉工艺的兴起和发展 1
1.2 转底炉炼铁工艺的原理和特点 2
1.2.1 转底炉工艺的还原过程 2
1.2.2 转底炉工艺的特点 3
1.2.3 转底炉工艺的一些缺陷和关键性技术 3
1.3 我国转底炉炼铁工艺的发展状况和前景 4