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摘要固体润滑工艺在航天和机械发动机的减摩润滑方面应用广泛，并且其使用温度范围广，储存方便等特点明显优于液体润滑剂，故有着极大的应用前景。但是就目前来看，电镀和织构化成本较高，故工艺方法还有待改善。本论文通过对45#钢表面镀镍，采用脉冲激光进行织构化，并在表面涂抹二硫化钼，通过SEM和光学显微镜观察、硬度测试、摩擦磨损实验等方法研究了微孔化对镍镀层自润滑性能的影响。研究发现，镍镀层提高了试样表面硬度,增强了试样抗磨能力。织构化起到了减摩润滑的效果，并且微孔密度越大，试验载荷越小，试验转速越慢，减摩效果越好；另外，在试验温度为400℃时，减摩效果较好。关键词 固体润滑 电镀 织构化 磨损10870
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毕业设计说明书（论文）外文摘要
Title Effect of textured dimples on tribological properties of Ni-based Lubricating Coating
Abstract
The solid lubrication technology is widely used in the friction reduction and lubrication of space and mechanical engine. Their working temperature range is wide and the storage is convenient. These characteristics are superior to liquid lubricant, so it has great potential applications. But at present, the cost of electroplating and surface texturing is higher, the process method remains to be improved. In this article, the surface of 45# steel was electroplated with nickel then was textured by pulse laser. The surface was smeared with MoS2 powders. The influence of textured dimples on the tribological properties of Ni-based coatings was studied by SEM, optical microscope, hardness tester, friction and wear experiment. Research result shows that the hardness of sample surface is enhanced while the anti-friction capacity of sample is strengthened by nickel plating. Laser surface texturing decreases the friction of sample .The friction coefficient decreases with the increase of micro dimple density. The friction coefficient increases with the increase of load and speed. In addition, At the temperature of 400℃ in the test, the effect of friction reduction is good.
Keywords: solid lubrication; electroplating; laser surface texturing; wear and friction
目 次
1 引言 1
1.1 固体润滑涂层 1
1.2 表面织构化技术 2
1.3 双脉冲电沉积技术概述 4
1.4 课题的意义、要解决的问题及研究主要内容 4
2 实验部分 6
2.1 实验流程 6
2.2 制备纯镍镀层 6
2.3 表面织构化 11
2.4 涂抹固体润滑剂 11
2.5 镀层表征及性能测试 12
2.6 摩擦磨损性能测试 12
3 结果与讨论 14
3.1 镀层形貌及表征 14
3.2 微孔化表面形貌 16
3.3 摩擦性能研究 18
3.4 摩擦磨损机理 24
结 论 26
致 谢 27
参考文献 28
1 引言
机械元件表面的性能对其可靠运行发挥着重要作用，而表面间发生的摩擦磨损是其失效的重要原因。为减小表面的摩擦磨损，传统方法是提高表面的加工精度，然而这种方法作用较为有限．而零件表面形貌诸因素如表面粗糙度及纹理对摩擦性能有重要影响，已有的研究表明[1-6]，通过人为控制表面形貌在表面制备一定的微织构可显著改善其摩擦磨损性能。表面织构在不同条件下分别起到增强动压效应、微储油槽及捕获磨屑等作用。目前，表面织构化的方式主要有机械加工[7,8]、能量束法[9-12]、化学刻蚀[13,14]等，其中激光微加工法以其应用范围广，高精度、高效、对环境无影响等优势而被广泛应用。目前，45#钢作为通用的工程材料而被广泛应用。